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Square 13
The Lancaster
Historic District in one the most significant
historic districts in the Midwestern States. This 24-block area contains 89
historically significant buildings, and is listed on the
National Register of Historic Places
as
Reference #72001008.
Before you begin your self-guided walking tour
of the Square 13, be sure to pick up a copy of the 45-minute
audiotape that is available without charge from the Fairfield County Convention and Visitors
Bureau or from Shaw's Inn. Your stroll will reveal one of the finest
concentrations of nineteenth-century architecture in the United States, and
listening to the tape will help ensure that you don't miss a thing. The tape
provides a narrative that helps you to understand not only the architecture, but
much about the "inner circle" of Lancaster, the men and women who built this city and in many cases, influenced
the history of the United States. Attractions
include:
- City Hall, which was built from local sandstone and features a clock tower
with a bell imported from the Caribbean island of Santa Domingo
- The town square, which features a fountain that was purchased in New York
City using funds raised by a group of local women and has been in continuous
operation since the 1890s
- The Georgian Museum, a restored 1832 Federal-style home, which was rescued
from near demolition in the 1970s and refurbished in authentic period style
- The Sherman House, birthplace and boyhood home of Civil War General
William Tecumseh Sherman and his brother Senator John Sherman, author of the
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
- The Reese-Peters house, built in 1835 in the Greek Revival style by local
politician William Reese, now
restored and recently opened as museum and gallery of the Decorative Arts
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- The Ewing House, home to Thomas Ewing, a United States Senator and
Secretary of the Interior under President William Henry Harrison, who earlier
in his law career defended Dr. Samuel Mudd against charges of conspiracy in
the assassination of Abraham Lincoln
- The Mumaugh memorial, which some say it was built in 1805 by an Italian
wine merchant, Mr. Giani (pronounced "Guy Anna" by the local residents), and
others say was built somewhat later by Michael Garaghty, a dry goods merchant.
Either way, the structure is one of the oldest standing brick
structures in Ohio, and the site of the first Roman Catholic church services
held in the city.
In between these "main
attractions," you will see (and hear about) many stately private homes and beautiful
churches on your tour. There are at least half a dozen other Federal and
Greek-Revival residences on Wheeling, Main, and High Streets that were built
between 1830 and 1840. The second half of the tour, which takes you down
Wheeling Hill, also takes you past St. John's Episcopal Church. St. John's was
built in 1848, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. As you
admire St. John's, be sure to look up at the slits in the turrets. These were
put in place as a means of defense through which archers could shoot. We doubt
that there was ever a need to fire an arrow onto Broad Street, but you can
appreciate the Tudor architectural detail, which is also carried out beautifully
in the interior of the church.
Perhaps a good place to
conclude your walking tour is at the bandstand at Zane Square. Turn left at
Broad and Wheeling. Then have a seat, rest
a bit, and admire the statue of General Sherman and the Civil War canon that was
Sherman's gift to the people for their sacrifices and support during the War. And if you
happen to be in
Lancaster on a summer weekend, you might want to time the end of your tour to coincide
with one of the live concerts held in the bandstand on Friday evenings.
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Click on the map below to view images of the various Square 13
historic properties.

Square 13 Historic District Tour, Anytime
Local Legends and Myths Tour, Elmwood Cemetery, fourth Friday in
October
Christmas Tour of Heritage Churches, second Saturday of December
Pilgrimage Tour of Homes, first weekend of May
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